Holy Spirit Library Citation Guide: APA 7th Edition Citation

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APA Formatting and Style Guide from the Purdue University Online Writing Lab (OWL)

APA Style Blog from the American Psychological Association: solutions to less standard citing questions

APA Tutorial from Marquette University

APA Style from Murdoch University (Australia): many examples including non-traditional sources, 

• In-Text Citations: If a source has three or more authors, "et al." is used from the very first citation.  Ex: (Martin et al., 2016).
• Authors in References List: In the 6th edition, the writer only needed to include the surnames and first initials, ex. Martin, J.R., of the first EIGHT (8) authors of a source. That has increased to the first TWENTY (20) authors of a source.
• Digital Object Identifier: Express the DOI as a URL.  Ex: https://doi.org/10.1080/02763915.2015.1044301.
• References for Webpages: You DO NOT need to use the phrase "Retrieved from" prior to the URL.  However, you now DO need to use the title of the webSITE.  The webPAGE title remains in italics, and the website title has no special font and is capitalized in the standard English manner.  Ex: Powell, C.S. (2019, February 17). What is a leap year? NBC News. https://www.nbcnews.com/mach/science/what-leap-year-ncna972131.

There are other changes, but these are the major ones.   See the updated examples below.  For other questions, please consult the APA Publication Manual, 7th Edition, at the Holy Spirit Library reference desk, or consult with a librarian.

The following are some basic examples of citation using APA style.  For more information consult the style guides to the right.

In-text citation, paraphrase from book:

Hamilton felt slighted at not being given a front-line command position (Chernow, 2004, p. 155).

Reference entry, book:

Chernow, R. (2004). Alexander Hamilton. Penguin Press.

 

In-text citiation, paraphrase from book chapter:

According to Becker, a commercial musician was looked on by the jazz community as one who sacrificed artistic goals and respect of his peers for frequent jobs and good pay (2014).

Reference entry, book chapter:

Becker, H. S. (2014).  The professional dance musician and his audience. In R. Walser (Ed.), Keeping time: Readings in jazz history (2nd ed.) (pp.164-175).  Oxford University Press.

 

In-text citation, excerpt from journal article:

New approaches to mass media began in earnest when “the Web’s aura of empowerment and control also cast shadows on old media.” (Heuman, 2011, p. 32)

Reference entry, journal article (from online database):

Heuman, J.  (2011). “I don't want to pay for what I don't watch”: The cultural politics of à la carte cable television and the cultural life of communication policy. Communication, Culture & Critique 4(1), 31-55. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-9137.2010.01091.x 

 

In-text citation, paraphrase from magazine article:

The Tel Aviv Stock Exchange hosted only four initial public offerings in 2014 (Coppola & Solomon, 2014)

Reference entry, magazine article from online database (using permalink):

Coppola, G., & Solomon, S. (2014). Persuading Israel’s tech firms to IPO at home. Bloomberg Businessweek, (4403), 40-41.  http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx? direct=true& db=mth&AN=99418874&site=ehost-live.***

***For a print publication accessed through an online database, including a URL is optional depending on the needs of the instructor or reader.

 

In-text citation, excerpt from webpage:

“When employees understand the end goal, they’re more likely to deliver what is needed from them the first time around.” (Rittiman, 2015)

Reference entry, webpage:

Rittiman, E. (2015, Mar. 12).  Make yourself indispensable – 8 traits that prove leadership potential.  The Official Blog of CSU Global. https://csuglobal.edu/blog/make-indispensable-8-traits-prove-leadership-potential

 

In-text citation, paraphrase from webpage, no author:

Stimulus fading is a technique that involves slowly introducing less familiar people in the child’s environment and gradually encouraging the child to interact with them (“Selective mutism,” 2017).

Reference entry, webpage, no author:

Selective mutism (2017).  American Speech-Language-Hearing Association.  http://www.asha.org/public/speech/disorders/SelectiveMutism/